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Figure B-6. Typical RDF Fluid Bed SystemB <br />Fluid bad incineration is more efficient than grate burning-based incineration <br />systems. The bed is very .effective in waste destruction and requires less air Oovv <br />than mass-burn or modular systems. The fluid bed, however, does require relatively <br />uniform-sized material, and RDFpnepanation is necessary for system operation, not <br />for resource recovery, as discussed above. <br />1.2 "Emerging" Technologies <br />There are many technologies currently being proposed for the treatment and <br />disposal of MSVV throughout the world. Most of these involve thermal processing, <br />but some others comprise the biological or chemical decomposition of the organic <br />fraction of the waste to produce useful products like compost or energy products, <br />notably synthetic gas (oyngas) for downstream combustion. <br />Thermal processing refers to a number of different types of technologies utilizing <br />heat as the mode of waste treatment. However, most of them, as listed and <br />described below, are variations of conventional incineration. <br />GasifcatiCXl: Heating of an organic waste to produce a burnable gas (approximately <br />85 percent hydrogen and carbon monoxide rniz) for use off-site. As long as the off- <br />gas produced from the system is usable and burned off-site, the system is gasifier, <br />not an incinerator. Typically, the energy in MSVV is both used to fire the system and <br />contained |n the gas product. <br />Pyrolysis: Afornn of gasification where organic waste is heated without air. A gas is <br />generated that is burned in the gaseous phase ' requiring much less oxygen than <br />conventional incineration. This process also generates a char, orfrit, depending on <br />the pnuoase temperature. (Fht is a glassy, granular material that is uniform in <br />appearance.) The presence of secondary combustion chamber for the burnout of <br />the pyrolysis gas requires that this system be classified as an incinerator. <br />Plasma arc: Plasma arc refers to the means of introducing heat into the process. <br />Essentially a plasma arc system is a pyrolysis orstarved air process generating heat <br />by firing the waste with a plasma arc to produce eyngas, which is then combusted <br />to produce steam and/or electricity, and is classified as an incinerator. If the system <br />oSourca: Energy Products nf Idaho, Coeur DyAene,ID. <br />GBB/C08027-01 B-9 August 15,2OO8 <br />