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5.3.2 Water <br />Mass-bum and RDFimdneration technologies e�W���������m �U <br />- h <br />require a water supply, and all types of projects have a wastewater discharge. <br />Water is required for the boilers, and domestic water for workers is also needed. <br />Non-potable water may be used as cooling water for the steam condensers, but the <br />large cooling water supplies necessary for condenser cooling are normally not <br />available, nd cooling towers or cooling water ponds are provided as part of the <br />facility. 'Airu»o|ed condensers are an option, but they increase capital costs and <br />reduce net power production. <br />If the energy is going toasteam customer, the water requirement may be increased <br />significantly from that needed for electricity generation, assuming that the customer <br />generally does not return condensate. Some projects rnayongenerate steam and <br />electricity for sale, such as district heating/cooling projects or those with a significant <br />steam user in proximity of the VVTE facility site. <br />Technologies ouch . asgasification and anaerobic digestion will not necessarily use a <br />t� stream for use off-site and not require a condenser <br />bo||�r. Theyrn�yg�nena aga� <br />cooling watarsystenn. They may utiUzethe gas to povvera turbine orpiston engine. <br />= <br />These approaches are n ot i'n' harent vabsrus�na, <br />however, gasification systems may <br />require water in the gas cleanup and processing. Each system would need individual <br />evaluation. <br />Biologic systems, including ethanol production and anaerobic digestion, are wet <br />processes. The question to be examined is how much water is required and how <br />much is recyded' The answers to these questions will be system -specific. For <br />example, Arrow-Bio, which uses a water-based ' system, claims that no water is <br />required for the process other than that in the waste, which is recycled. <br />OBB/CO8027-01 29 August 15, 2008 <br />