Agenda - 10-07-2008 - 7a - Laserfiche WebLink

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5' Rentech (U.S.) - coal or coke asfeedstock 6. ChorenIndustres (Gammanv) - 7' Byntro|munl (U.S.) - used natural gas as feedstock in a demonstration for the U.S. Air Force. In addition, there are a number ofresearch projects funded by the U.S. Department of Energy to use organic materials as feedstocks. These include the Renewable Energy Laboratory and Louisiana State University. The Fischer-Tropsch process is an established technology that has been applied on a large scale in some industrial sectors' Large-scale commercialization is impeded by high capital costs, high operation and maintenance costs, the uncertain and volatile price of crude oil, andenvironmental concerns. As mentioned in Appendix B, Section 1.3.2, biogas production from wastes is a mature technology with both large- and small-scale units in production worldwide. In India alone, there are over 2 million farm units that produce biogas from animal manures and other wastes. As of 2006, there were thousands of plants in Europe; BernnenY alone had 3,500 that produced a total of 1,100 ;4VV. The newest of these plants range between 400 and 800 KW, using crops and manure for feedstock. In southern Europe, the production of biogas is primarily from landfills. In 2007, a report on the potential of biogas in Europa by the bkoInsUtuta and the InatitutfOr Energebkin Leipzig concluded that Germany alone can produce more biogas by 2020 than all of the European Union's (EU) current natural gas imports from Russia. Table 3-3 shows the production of biogas in Europe by country with the production broken into three categories of feedstock: landfill gas, sewage sludge and other. Summarized by feedstock, results in 64 percent landfill gas, 18.8 from sewage s|udge and 17.2 ' other. The largest producer ofbiogas is the United Kingdom, closely followed by Germany. The biogas ia approximately 5O percent methane, mixed with carbon dioxide and other gases. GBBkCO8027-01 9 August 15,2OO8