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C1eanTech EUofbeds has cellulosic ethanol pilot plant operating on MSVV in Golden, <br />Table 3-2. Commercial Cellulosic Ethanol Plants in theU.S. <br />(Operational xorUnder Construction)' <br />Company <br />Location <br />Feedstock <br />Capacity <br />gallons <br />per year) <br />Abengoa Bioenergy <br />Hugoton, KS <br />Wheat straw <br />12 <br />Alico <br />La Belle, FL <br />Multiple sources <br />N/A <br />BlueFire Ethanol' <br />Irvine, CA <br />Multiple sources <br />17 <br />_ <br />Gulf Coast Energy <br />Mossy Head, FL <br />Wood waste <br />70 <br />Mascoma <br />Lansing, MI <br />Wood <br />40 <br />- <br />POET Biorefinery <br />Ernmetsburg, IA <br />Corn cobs <br />25 <br />Range Fuels <br />Treutlen County, GA <br />Wood waste <br />20 <br />SunOpta <br />Little Falls, MN <br />Wood chips <br />10 <br />Xethanol <br />Auburndale, FL <br />Citrus peels <br />8 <br />None of these idants uses y4SVV s feedstock. As of January 2008, U.B. DOE had <br />made seven grants to help develop small-scale cellulosic plants. These plants will <br />produce between 1.3 and 5.5 million gallons of ethanol per year. The feedstocks <br />projected for these plants include wood chips, switch grass, corn cobs, and <br />agricultural and forest residues. None of the plants are projected to use p\SVV' The <br />total projected capital cost of those plants is $634 million, with DOE contributing <br />$199 rni|||on in the form of the grants. <br />3,8,2 Biogas - Anaenobic Digestion <br />Biogas or ' mixture a b«tune of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, can be <br />converted into liquid hydrocarbons of various forms. A number of these technologies <br />produce gas, primarily methane, which can be converted to liquid fuels utilizing <br />Fiochar-[ropsoh Synthesis, <br />a process developed in Germany in the early 20th <br />Century. This process is a catalyzed chemical reaction which takes place at low <br />temperatures /300 to 600 degrees Fl and at high pressure. The most common <br />cata|Yots are ^ased on |ron and cobalt, although nickel and ruthenium have also <br />been used. The process produces a synthetic petroleum substitute for use as <br />synthetic fuel, biodiese|. The Fischer-Tropsch process has been used to convert <br />gases from a variety of feedstocks to liquid fuel, including coal and biomass. <br />When biomass is used, the cellulosic materials must first be converted to biogas and <br />then to liquid fuel using the Fischer-Tropsch process. <br />Currently, a number ofcompanies have commercial versions of the <br />technology, including: <br />1. Conoco-PhiUips- natura|gasaafeedstock <br />2. BP- natura|gaseafeedstoch <br />3' Shell Oil - natural gas asfeedstock <br />4. Saso| (South Africa) - coal and natural gas as feedstocks <br />^Source: Grainnet.00m Building Cellulose <br />GBB/C08027-01 8 August 15, 2008 <br />