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13 <br /> Electric Vehicle Transition Plan&Charging Infrastructure Evaluation for County Fleet RFQ 367-005463 <br /> Price Proposal December 23,2025 <br /> Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)Analysis: ICF's PowerGuide Analytics also provides us with the <br /> capability to estimate the total cost of owning and operating each replacement vehicle, including upfront <br /> and lifecycle costs as well as the capital and installation cost of EV charging infrastructure. The cost data <br /> embedded in the PowerGuide is informed by available cost data from manufacturers (both vehicles and <br /> charging manufacturers), dealerships, and the data collected from the municipality fleets across the <br /> country. This TCO analysis, as shown in Exhibit 4, will compare the differences in TCO over the service <br /> life of each vehicle between EV replacements and a scenario where the County only replace their vehicles <br /> with ICE vehicles. The ICF team will estimate TCO on a vehicle-by-vehicle basis and will consolidate these <br /> vehicle-level estimates into fleet-level transition cost estimates. On top of this, we add in estimates of <br /> additional costs like downtime, labor costs to shuttle equipment for repair and a comparison of residual <br /> value to provide critical data that the County needs to plan its budget into the future. The team will provide <br /> high-level estimates and recommendations on the end-of-life salvage and disposal of EVs and their <br /> batteries, compared to ICE vehicles. <br /> PowerGuide does not restrict evaluating TCO under the traditional ownership model, but it can also assess <br /> TCO under various alternative ownership arrangements, including financing and leasing. This model <br /> flexibility allows us to determine cost implications under different scenarios, providing a broader perspective <br /> on the economic feasibility of the transition. The project team will leverage this data, examining challenges <br /> and opportunities associated with each ownership model. By considering each department's unique <br /> operational needs, budget constraints, and strategic objectives, we will provide informed recommendations <br /> on the types of ownership models the County could use for a seamless, cost-effective transition to EVs. <br /> Environmental Impacts: In addition to the TCO, the ICF team will conduct a lifecycle assessment <br /> accounting for emissions from electricity as well Exhibit 4. Example of TCO Analysis <br /> as liquid fuel production and distribution. ICF's $14,000,000 <br /> PowerGuide can evaluate the GHG emissions <br /> reduction potential from the County's electric $12,000,000 <br /> fleet. Our approach is based on lifecycle GHG ' <br /> emission factors from Argonne National $10,000,000 $1,633,11 <br /> 57 <br /> Laboratory's Alternative Fuel Life-Cycle $1,859,015 \ $1,427,580 <br /> Environmental and Economic Transportation $8,000,000 $1,166,594 <br /> (AFLEET)tool and data from EPA's Emissions 647 452 <br /> and Generation Resource Integrated Database $6,000,000 $2,697,017 - <br /> (eGRID)to account for electricity carbon <br /> intensity variation at the regional level. An $4,000,000 <br /> example of GHG analysis for a fleet ICF has $2,000,000 <br /> worked with in the past is shown in Exhibit 5 <br /> below. <br /> $(1,422,760) <br /> $(2,000,000) <br /> ICE Replacements EV Replacements <br /> ■Rebates and Incentives <br /> ■Make Ready and Facility/Utility Costs <br /> Charging Infrastructure Installation <br /> Charging Infrastructure Hardware <br /> NPV Maintenance Costs <br /> NPV Fuel Costs <br /> ■Capital Cost <br /> Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page of this proposal 6 <br />