Orange County NC Website
2 <br /> ORANGE COUNTY <br /> HEALTH DEPARTMENT <br /> Improving health. inspiring change. <br /> ORANGE COUNTY BOARD OF HEALTH <br /> RESOLUTION PROMOTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADEQUATE AFFORDABLE HOUSING <br /> WHEREAS, housing is a human right, not a commodity', because humane and adequate housing' is necessary for all <br /> humans to live their best lives and to rise to their full potential2; and <br /> WHEREAS, Orange County is experiencing a housing crisis: <br /> • County residents identified a lack of affordable, humane housing as a top concern, both in the 2023 Community <br /> Health Assessment3 and the countywide assessment for the Orange County Strategic Plano; <br /> • The county has 13,689 fewer units5 than we need, and this deficit disproportionately affects individuals earning <br /> less than 50% of the area median income, with a deficit of 9,555 units6; <br /> • National data show that 16% of Orange County residents spend at least half of their income on housing, a <br /> proportion that is considered severely housing cost-burdened. This greatly exceeds the proportion in neighboring <br /> and peer countiesa which ranges from 9% to 13%7. The annual income to afford a two-bedroom in Orange <br /> County is $74,880, exceeding earnings for teachers ($51,740), childcare providers ($33,000), and firefighters <br /> ($36,230), so our civil servants cannot live where they work8; and <br /> WHEREAS, unstable housing significantly harms individual health: <br /> • Living unhoused disrupts access to sanitation and supplies9, increases social isolation and stigma9, impedes <br /> access to healthcare9,10,11, and increases exposure to hazards such as heat, cold, and physical and sexual <br /> violence9,10,11. These effects accelerate aging, with premature onset of chronic medical conditions, functional and <br /> cognitive impairments, and increase mortality12,13Individuals who are unhoused have 7 times the mortality rate <br /> from all causes and 14 times the overdose mortality rate compared with their housed counterparts14; <br /> • Children who move frequently are more likely than stably housed children to experience chronic health conditions, <br /> poor physical health, and to have less consistent health insurance coverage15, and efforts to improve housing are <br /> one of the most promising interventions to prevent adverse childhood experiences16; and <br /> WHEREAS, lack of housing causes significant adverse impacts to public health for communities: <br /> • Communities lacking adequate housing experience disproportionate levels of incarceration 17,18,19,20,21 increased <br /> levels of drug use'4,22,23,24and overuse of hospitals and emergency medical services, straining medical providers <br /> and increasing wait times'0,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32• <br /> • Investments in permanent supportive housing decrease emergency room visits by 70%33 and annual healthcare <br /> utilization costs by an average of$48,510 per person34; <br /> • Failure to house community members costs more than providing adequate housing due to the expense of <br /> supplementing emergency healthcare and incarceration costs20,35,36,37. "housing first" strategies save $900 to <br /> $29,400 per person housed per year38, returning $1.80 for every $1.00 invested34; and <br /> WHEREAS, zoning and land use policies profoundly shape our built environment: <br /> • Deficits in affordable housing reflect longstanding zoning policies39,40 that have had an exclusionary effect, <br /> including limits on small-scale multifamily housing41, commonly known as "Missing Middle" housing42; <br /> • Best practices such as APA's Equity in Zoning Policy Guide43 can help correct these harms; <br /> • Orange County and the Towns of Carrboro, Chapel Hill, and Hillsborough are engaged in the process of <br /> developing new land use plans and/or zoning ordinances. <br /> NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED on this 29th of October, 2025, that we the Orange County Board of Health <br /> recognize the lack of affordable housing in Orange County as a threat to public health. To address this, the Board of <br /> Health recommends that the Orange County Board of County Commissioners and the governing bodies of Carrboro, <br /> Chapel Hill, and Hillsborough incorporate the following in their land use plans and zoning ordinances: <br /> a Peer counties are other NC counties with similar population size,age distribution,racial composition,income,and education levels as compared to Orange County. <br /> 919 245 2405 > 300 West Tryon Street > Hillsborough, NC 27278 > orangecountync.gov <br /> Page 1 of 6 <br />