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• Carbon monoxide (CO) monitor located at 147 East Franklin Street in Chapel Hill . This monitor has been operated for many years on a seasonal (fall/winter) basis . The monitor will not likely be run after this fall/winter season because ( 1 ) the EPA is working toward disinvestments in CO monitoring in the future, (2) the site is a " short-term" special purpose site, and (3 ) the CO concentrations are low. • Fine particulate matter (PM2 . 5 ) sampler located at the U . S . EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, 104 Mason Farm Road in Chapel Hill . Samples are collected for 24 hours every third day . The sampler was set up this year ( 1999) in response to the addition of PM2 .5 by the EPA to its list of criteria pollutants to be regulated under the Clean Air Act Carbon monoxide , an air pollutant generated by combustion sources (e . g . , motor vehicles and power plants) , has been monitored in Chapel Hill for many years . There have been no exceedances of the CO standard at the Franklin Street site in recent years . There are no data available for trends in the air quality for any pollutants other than CO in Orange County due to the lack of monitoring data . There is not a site for sulfur dioxide measurements in the County, even though there is a coal-burning power plant in Chapel Hill . There are no monitoring sites for ozone in Orange County . The state does not intend to site an ozone monitor in the County . Ozone is not emitted from a source, but is formed by sunlight driven reactions of other pollutants , especially hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides . Ozone concentrations peak three to five hours downwind from sources of the precursors . The NC State Division of Air Quality will use the data from ozone monitors northeast of Orange County and the Chatham County monitor north of Pittsboro to assess the impact of reacted pollutant emissions from Chapel Hill/Carrboro . However, due to the absence of a monitor in the County , the quality of air in the County and the impact of precursor pollutants (nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons) from adjacent geographical areas will not be determined . Ozone , nitrogen oxides , hydrocarbons , PM2 .5 , and PM10 are most likely to be the pollutants of greatest concern to the County in the coming years . Ozone , in particular, is likely to be a pollutant of concern because of the EPA proposal to lower the standard and recent ozone data that suggests that ozone concentrations are exceeding EPA ambient air quality standard on a more frequent basis in recent years . Because of the exceedances above the standard, the Raleigh/Durham/Chapel Hill metropolitan statistical area (MSA) may be designated as a non- attainment area . Air Pollutant Sources in the County There are two primary categories of sources of air pollutants on stationary and mobile . Stationary sources include power plants , manufacturing facilities , gas stations , incinerators , etc . Mobile sources include on-road sources (cars , trucks, buses) and off4oad sources (tractors , construction equipment, lawn mowers) . In addition to the stationary and mobile sources , air pollutants such as particulate matter, may be generated from agriculture activities , construction activities , or open burning . ii