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any Late Archaic sites with intact evidence for subsistence and long-term settlement (Daniel 1994 : 13 ) . Researchers could expect to find Archaic -period sites in any of the area's level, well-drained areas, especially on the better- drained floodplains along Buckwater Creek, on the dry ridgetoes overlooking the floodplains of Buckwater, Strouds, and Little Creeks , and on the level knolls , saddles , hilltops, and ridgecrests of the uplands . Woodland Period- The Woodland period in eastern North America (beginning around 700 B . C . ) is . often marked by the appearance of farming , ceramics, the bow and arrow, and in some areas (although not in the project region) by the construction of burial and temple mounds . Significant dependence on maize farming, often considered one of the features of Woodland societies , may have come to the Piedmont as late as A. D . 1000 (Ward 1983 : 72- 73 ) . Hunting and gathering apparently played a more important role than farming (which played a supplementary role) during the Early Woodland period and most of the Middle Woodland period throughout most of the southeastern United States ( Steponaitis 19864379) . In most respects, the Early Woodland period in the Piedmont remains largely a mystery. In the North Carolina Piedmont, the first recognized Woodland period is the Badm phase, marked by sand-tempered, fabric - or cord-marked ceramics and large , often crude triangular points (Ward 1983 : 61 ) . Coe ( 1964) suggested that Badin dated from 500 B . C . to A. D . 500, but no radiocarbon dates are available for sites of this period. The successor to the Badin phase was the Yadkin period, whose ceramics resembled its predecessor' s , with occasional linear or check stamping added to the decorative motifs ( Coe 19646. 55 ; Ward 1983 : 61 - 63 ) . Another difference between the Badin pottery and the later Yadkin pottery is the latter's use of crushed quartz temper ( Coe 1964 : 30) . Coe ( 1964) dated the Yadkin phase from A. D . 500 to1200 , but the four published radiocarbon dates for Yadkin phase remains are much earlier, dating from 393 B . C . to 165 B . C . (Eastman 1994 : 26 - 27) . Daniel ( 19946. 14) has suggested that Orange County was not the scene of intensive use or settlement during the Early and Middle Woodland periods, but might have been primarily a hunting area for groups living outside of the area. Our view of the late prehistoric people of Orange County has been clarified by the results of major excavations carried out by the University of North Carolina in the Hillsborough vicinity, near the Trading Path' s Eno River ford. In the upper Eno River basin ( including our study area) , the late prehistoric period can be subdivided into a number of phases (Davis and Ward 1991 ) . The Haw River phase (A. D . 1000 - 1400) is represented by Uwharrie- like pottery with coarse sand or crushed quartz temper, net- impressed surfaces, and scraped interiors . The latter part of the Haw River phase (AD 1200 . 1400) has pottery that added some neck or lip decoration. Most of the Haw River phase settlements were apparently small, briefly occupied villages or hamlets made up of widely dispersed households, scattered throughout the valleys of the larger rivers and their tributaries . The Hogue site ( 31 OR233 ) in the "Occaneechi Bend" area near Hillsborough is an example of an early Haw River settlement , excavated by the Research Laboratories of Anthropology at UNC . The settlement pattern of the succeeding Hillsboro phase (A. D . 1400 - 1600) included relatively large , palisaded villages of perhaps 15 to 20 households, and smaller settlements or hamlets made up of dispersed 6