HPC agenda 022598 - Laserfiche WebLink

Browse Search

,93, national monuments. The law ed the National Park Service as a BACKGROUND was intended to protect archeo- focus of federal historic preserva- en logical sites on public land and tion activity. ; he Yosemite q ' allow only appropriate scientific Valley grant to the investigations for the public bene- In 1964, the United States +A� State of California fit. Under this law, permits were Conference of Mayors undertook in 1864 and the '` �,• _r ' issued to competent professionals. a stud of historic reservation _ establishment p p y p Criminal penalties were estab- activities and needs in the United of Yellowstone lished for violations of the Act. States, in cooperation with the National Park in 1872 serve a9 White House, the American the foundation of the National The National Park Service was Institute of Architects, the Park Service. Through the addi- created and organized in 1916 to National Trust for Historic tion of new parks to the National k manage the Nation's premier Preservation, and the National Park System, the National Par Service increased its ability to natural and historic areas, and Park Service, among others. The � k ^ �; ^� • battlefields, monuments, parks, resulting report, With Heritage protect the nations cultural her- and objects therein. With the cre- So Rich," revealed a growing � . itage. However, its ability to k" 3 influence the protection of cultur•- ation of NPS, a cohesive manage- public need for a national historic 1k µ�'�,• •, ment was provided for properties preservation program because of _ al resources outside of park units under the Department of the massive losses of historic build- was limited. Until the 20th centu- Interior's jurisdiction. In 1933, ings and entire neighborhoods, ry, only local or regional private NPS took over major historic particularly caused by urban w" groups, or occasionally, local or properties that had been under renewal and highway construe- f State governments undertook .,'�. the War Department and the tion projects. This report influ- historlc preservation activities. F 14 Forest Service. Historic preset-- enced the Congress to enact a �- Most of these activities focused vation programs were seen as statute establishing a nationwide on single-buildings associated '' part of the Services expanding preservation policy: the National with major historical figures and mission, and directly relevant to Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) ` did not involve federal govern- the development of the federal of 1966. ment incentives or programs. government's expertise in this The only miijor exceptions to this area. On that basis, the Historic While the Congress recognized " rule were several Civil War bat- Sites Act of 1935 was the second that national goals for historic tlefields, whose management was major piece of federal historic preservation could best be assigned to the War Department preservation legislation. This act achieved by supporting the drive, ` in the 1890s. declared it national policy to pre- enthusiasm, and wishes of local serve for public use historic sites, citizens and communities, it The earliest federal historic buildings, and objects of national understood that the federal gov- • -preservation statute was the significance and directed the ernment must set an example Antiquities Act of 190(i, which Secretary of the Interior to con- through enlightened policies and authorized the President to set duct various programs with practices and act as a catalyst to aside historic landmarks, strue- respect to historic preservation, spur the private sector and gov- tures, and objects located on lands including the establishment of ernments at all levels. Through controlled by the United States as museums. This statute designat- the substantive provisions of the 25