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a 'l <br /> IF <br /> i • • • A f • • ri • 1, • • • ! • . i f <br /> s <br /> A brief chart detailing the emissions comparisons of each of the fuels is listed below : <br /> Electricity CI 1 NG Ethanol . <br /> Carbon Monoxide (CO) No tailpipe emissions , but 30 - 74 % reduction` Up to 30 % reduction <br /> 40 % reduction when <br /> considering power plant <br /> IF I <br /> emissions ' <br /> ......... ........................... .. ......... . . ... _.............. . . ... .. .. . ..... ... . ..... .. . .. ... :.. ...... ... .. .... __._.. ............. ... ...... ........ ..... .I . . _. _ ... .... ........ . _....... .. . . ....... . ................. . ...... ..... ' "' ' ' ........... ..... ...... <br /> 'Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) No tail pipe emissions , 85 % reduction' No change <br /> reduction depends on <br /> efficiency of power plant ' <br /> .: . ... .. .. ......... .._..... ...... .... ..................... ...... ... .. . ....... <br /> ..... ....... ......... . . . . ... . .. <br /> .... .... ..... .. . . ... .. . _.... . ............... .......... . ...... . . 1.... ..I.. ..,.._. I <br /> . <br /> I . <br /> Reactive Hydrocarbons (HC) No tail pipe emissions , 70 % reduction A decrease in carcinogenic <br /> reduction depends on hydrocarbons and in CO23 <br /> IF I <br /> efficiency of power plant ' <br /> 1 : According to "ABCs of AFVs", (California Energy Commission , 11 /99 ) electricity from a grid source of power leads to a <br /> 90 % overall reduction in emissions from gasoline powered engines . If solar power is used , the reduction is 100 % . <br /> 2 : INC Division of Air Quality; 3 : http : //www. greenfuels . or.g/ethaair. html <br /> The greatest overall reductions come from electric vehicles , followed by CNG, and then ethanol . <br /> A decision based on this assessment alone would tend to favor the purchase of electric vehicles <br /> over gasoline vehicles and over any of the other AFVs . However, other factors are also important <br /> to the purchase decision . Travel range per fill -up is one of these factors and will vary from fuel <br /> to fuel . Generally, electric vehicles have the least range , while ethanol vehicles have the <br /> greatest . Bi - fuel vehicles can also have extensive ranges if both fuel tanks are used . The chart <br /> below compares the expected range of several types of vehicles . <br /> Vehicle make and type Fuel type Engine type IF I Expected range .per IF, up/charge <br /> Dodge Ram (Van) CNG dedicated V8 200-300 mi . <br /> Crown Victoria ( Car) CNG dedicated V8 100 - 175 mi . (extended range avail . ) <br /> Ford F250 (Truck) CNG dedicated V8 150 -200 mi . ( extended range avail . ) <br /> Ford Ranger 4x2 (Truck) Electric (PbA) 3 -phase AC motor 501me <br /> Chevrolet Cavalier ( Car) CNG/Gas Bi- fuel 4- cyl . 180 mi . <br /> Ford F150 (Truck) CNG/Gas Bi- fuel V8 1001111200mi (400 Ime if gasoline is also <br /> used) <br /> GMC Sierra (Truck) CNG/Gas Bi-fuel V8 550 mi . ( 150 on CNG/400 on Gas) <br /> Source OF www . afdc . doe . Qov <br /> 1 : There are multiple types of batteries in use . Each one allows for a different vehicle range. Lead Acid (PbA) batteries are more <br /> traditional and have a fairly low range . According to Bill Terry of Chapel Hill Public Works, only Lead Acid batteries are <br /> available in INC right now . <br />