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FLEETS
<br /> o estimate GHG emissions from city- operated vehicles, we Once we totaled the amount of fuel by type, we applied standard
<br /> ' ties ' fleet records in . coefficients to convert amount of fuel by type to GHG emissions ,
<br /> compiled and analyzed data from c
<br /> cluding numbers of vehicles, miles traveled , and gallons of As a point of interest, for every gallon of fuel burned , about 20
<br /> fuel used . For those cities that didn 't have complete records, pounds of carbon dioxide are released - see FAQs for an explana -
<br /> we extrapolated to fill in the gaps . For example, if a city had fuel tion . Emissions from fleets were relatively unchanged from one year
<br /> records for only a portion of a year, we determined a monthly aver- to the next, as the table below reflects .
<br /> age and multiplied by twelve to use for the year.
<br /> GHG emissions associated with fleets .
<br /> Cloverdale Cotati Healdsburg Petaluma Rohnert Park Sebastopol Sonoma Windsor
<br /> GHG
<br /> FY 00 - 01 231 138 527 1578 812 213 343 201
<br /> FY 01 - 02 259 117 488 1411 805 207 332 201
<br /> Fuel costs
<br /> FY 00 - 01 $ 31 , 450 $ 24 ; 178 $ 661800 $ 226 / 846 $ 1121650 $ 31 , 800 $ 51 ,447 $ 25 , 442
<br /> FY 01 - 02 311866 161821 61 , 660 $ 172 , 753 102 , 062 31 , 147 $ 51 , 451 $ 23 , 361
<br /> From July 2000 to June 2002 , cities ' fleets consumed a total of
<br /> 628 , 733 gallons of fuel—the same amount carried by 496 gaso - pl
<br /> We Americans each have 300 energy slaves, meaning that the
<br /> line tankersi This fuel cost a total of $ 912 , 507 for an average of
<br /> work now being done by machines for each of
<br /> us equals the human power of 300 people. We
<br /> $ 1 . 45 per gallon . are all profoundly dependent on fossil fuels,
<br /> tol-
<br /> more so than we realize; but the most impor-
<br /> Man strategies exist for reducing fleet- generated GHG emissions .
<br /> Y 9 g g tant of those fuels—oil and natural gas—are
<br /> Examples include downsizing vehicles, optimizing vehicle use , in - PFFF about to become more costly due to depletion.
<br /> J.
<br /> corporating efficiency into bid specifications, maximizing efficiency, During the next century industrial societies will have no choice
<br /> eliminating some fleet vehicles, buying vehicles that run on alter- but to run the movie of globalization in reverse: production, dis-
<br /> native fuels, utilizing public transit, biking , walking , and telecom - tribution, and decision - making will again become local. The
<br /> muting . ICLEI 's publication , Green Your Fleets, describes strategies sooner we start, the less pain and strain we 'll endure in the process.
<br /> to help cities and counties reduce GHG emissions from their fleets . Reducing greenhouse gas emissions will help us make the necessary
<br /> shift.—Richard Heinberg, Santa Rosa resident, Professor of Hu -
<br /> Full report on fleets by Simon Wooley, SSU intern , posted online at man Ecology at New College of California, and author of The
<br /> www. skyrnetricsms Party' s Over: Oil , War and the Fate of Industrial Societies .
<br /> EMPLOYEE COMMUTES
<br /> tve designed , implemented , and analyzed an online year. We multiplied this average by the total number of city em -
<br /> survey to obtain employee commutes information . ployees to estimate the total amount of fuel used by employees in
<br /> We randomly selected a sample of employees from that city. We then multiplied the number of gallons by the GHG fac.
<br /> each city, excepting Cloverdale where employees self- for for the particular fuel to calculate the total amount of GHG emit-
<br /> selected to take the survey. All surveys were taken in spring 2003 ted per year by employees commuting to work for the city. We used
<br /> using the Internet. The survey included questions about modes of the commute characteristics and distribution of fuels used from our
<br /> transportation , length of commute, and number of days per year 2003 survey for our base years because we had no practical way of
<br /> that employees commute . Our aim was to arrive at the total gal - obtaining accurate commute data for past years .
<br /> Ions of fuel by type used to commute . •
<br /> Changes in GHG emissions FY 00 - 01 to FY 01 - 02 are solely due to
<br /> From the data, we computed an average fuel use per employee per changes in employee counts . The slight reduction in GHG emissions
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