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Shared Pain <br />Plenty of school construction contractors have felt the pinch as well Some say that the <br />bidding process forces them to choose between factoring in cost increases for materials, <br />thus creating a higher bid that might cost them the job, or gamble on a lower bid based on <br />current prices. <br />"This absolutely has had a very negative affect on contractors' profits," said Ken <br />Simonson, the chief economist for the Associated General Contractors of America, a <br />national group located in Alexandria, Va. <br />Because contractors submit bids based on current prices for materials, any price increases <br />between the bid and actual construction, which can take place months or years later, <br />usually must be absorbed by the contractor. <br />Nationally, steel prices have risen more than 30 percent in the past year. In some cases, <br />Mr. Simonson said, "the steel -price run -up has been sufficient to wipe out contractors' <br />profits." <br />Lin Redden, the vice president of the Atlanta -based construction and design firm Heery <br />International, said: "Costs [for' steel] have gone up 30 to 40 percent in some areas, and <br />that has definitely caused an impact because a lot of budgets were put together before the <br />spike." <br />Shortages of materials pose another problem, Mr. Redden and others said. In one case, <br />Mr. Redden said, a school project was under way when his builders discovered they <br />could not get steel joists delivered on time. That delay put the project several weeks <br />behind schedule. Now, most of Heery's contractors order those materials well ahead of <br />the time they will need them, he said. <br />Mr. Redden said he had seen some contractors go out of business because of the higher <br />costs. <br />Demand in Asia <br />Analysts say several factors are driving up the costs of materials. Mainly, though, the <br />explanation lies in Asia, where countries such as China, Japan, and India have been <br />undergoing massive building booms in recent years, thus increasing demand. That surge <br />overseas has been matched by a robust construction market in the United States, fueled <br />by low interest rates. <br />"We gained ground because interest rates were so low, but may lose ground because steel <br />prices and concrete prices are going up," said David A. Sneed, the chief of architectural <br />services for the New .Jersey Building Authority. The state agency oversees the Garden <br />State's $8- billion, multiyear school renovation and construction project. <br />