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40 Orange County, NC Financial Plan and Rate Study for Solid Waste Enterprise Fund 3.2 CONSTRUCT /OPERATE A TRANSFER STATION The Department currently delivers approximately 50 tons per day (TPD) of solid waste to the City of Durham Transfer Station (five days per week). In 2007 a search for a suitable location for a new Orange County transfer station was initiated; this search was terminated in 2009. The County could resume its investigation into the viability of constructing a transfer station utilizing some of the qualitative and quantitative aspects explored in this section. 3.2.1 Transfer Station Considerations A decision by the County to develop a transfer station versus direct haul by solid waste collection vehicles to a transfer station or a disposal site (landfill) typically involves examination of the following major variables: • MSW Disposal Site Locations • Average Payloads of Collection Vehicles and Transfer Vehicles • Travel Speed and Distance for Haul Vehicles • Transfer Facility Size, Technology and Operating Practices • Collection and Transfer Vehicle Operating Costs This option assumes the use of a simply - designed, transfer station that utilizes an "open -top" loading system such as the lift and load method. Typically, for smaller -sized stations, the lift and load method, using a front -end loader for compaction, is the most cost effective. With consideration given to the specific needs of the County, the principal features of a potential open - top system could include the following basic features: • Concrete tipping floor on an elevated earth embankment • Temporary floor storage of waste • A metal building and interior concrete containment walls • Trailer drive through for loading • Front -end loader • Additional bay for acceptance and transfer of recyclable material Based on SCS' design experience on transfer stations, we have found that the most cost - effective designs provide appropriate floor storage at the station. In this case, floor storage means simply allowing collection vehicles to dump the waste onto the station's tipping floor where it can be later moved to the transfer trailer by a front -end loader or similar equipment. This process enables reduction in queuing time since the solid waste collection vehicles can enter the facility and unload quickly without being affected by compactor operations. For example, the trucks can continue to unload when bridging occurs or when transfer trailers are unavailable. Several additional considerations are as follows: • In addition, proper floor storage allows the front -end loader to maximize throughput by sorting, mixing, or compacting waste prior to directing it to the pushwalls of the station or into a surge pit. This allows for continual operations when unloading, and transferring becomes essentially two independent operations. Consequently, the design options developed should utilize floor storage as a method to reduce queuing 27