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<br /> Comprehensive Review of <br /> S olid W aste Collection and Disposal Options <br /> <br /> <br />v2.1 197 10/22/12 <br />reported tip fees and estimated travel distances to these facilities were used to <br />calculate total disposal costs and transfer costs for the alternative disposal facilities in <br />close proximity to the Town (see Section 2.2, Section 6, and Section 10). <br /> Escalation Rate. SCS assumed a 3% inflation rate for projecting future costs. Over <br />the last 22 years, the change in the Consumer Price Index, as reported by the Bureau <br />of Labor and Statistics, has ranged from -0.4% (2009) to 4.2% (1990), with an <br />average of 2.6% and median of 2.8%. A 3% escalation is within the range of <br />historical inflation rates (Bureau of Labor and Statistics, U.S. Consumer Price Index <br />Tables 1912-2011). <br /> Interest and Discount Rates <br />- Borrow/Financing Rate: 4% <br />- Discount Rate: 5%. The discount rate is used to estimate the net present value of <br />the Town’s potential future solid waste scenarios in order to compare alternatives <br />with varying yearly expenditures. <br /> Dollar Basis. Calendar Year 2012 <br />14.3 PROGRAM COST MODULES <br />The following program cost modules were developed and incorporated into the Pro Forma <br />Model (see referenced sections below for more detailed information on specific technologies and <br />facilities evaluated): <br /> Disposal <br />- Direct Haul to Transfer Station (see Section 6) <br />- Direct Haul to Landfill (see Section 10) <br />- New Transfer Station (Town-only or Regional) (see Section 7) <br />- New Material Recovery Facility (see Section 9, not included in pro forma <br />summary options) <br />- Landfill (Town-only or Regional) (see Section 11) <br />- Organics Management (see Section 4) <br />- Yard Waste Management <br />- Waste-to-Energy (evaluated but not included in cost model due to high cost and <br />other impediments to practical implementation) <br /> <br /> Collection <br />- Status quo <br />- Automated collection <br />- Additional requirements for direct hauling to landfill or transfer station <br />- Commercial collection options: Status Quo, keep multi-family collection, <br />eliminate commercial collection.