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Comprehensive Review of S olid W aste Collection and Disposal Options v2.1 173 10/22/12 Exhibit 12 -13. Commercial Operating Pyrolysis Facilities Using MSW Location Throughput (Tons per Day) Technology Supplier Start of Operation Toyohashi City, Japan 440 77 (Bulky Waste) Mitsui Babcock 2002 Hamm, Germany 353 Techtrade 2002 Koga Seibu, Japan 286 (MSW and Biosolids) Mitsui Babcock 2003 Yame Seibu, Japan 242 55 (Bulky Waste) Mitsui Babcock 2002 Izumo, Japan 70,000 TPY Thidde/Hitachi 2003 Nishiburi, Japan 210 63 (Bulky Waste) Mitsui Babcock 2003 Kokubu, Japan 178 Takuma 2003 Kyouhoku, Japan 176 Mitsui Babcock 2003 Ebetsu City, Japan 154 38 (Bulky Waste) Mitsui Babcock 2002 Oshima, Japan 132 Takuma 2003 Burgau, Germany 154 Techtrade 1987 Itoigawa, Japan 25,000 TPY Thidde/Hitachi 2002 Source: SWANA, Waste Conversion Technologies, 2011; U.S. Department of Energy, 2011, “Draft Environmental Assessment for Oneida Seven Generation Corporation, Energy Recovery Project, Green Bay, WI. There are no commercially operated facilities in the U.S., although a pilot facility was operated in Green Bay, WI using American Combustion Technology pyrolytic systems for testing purposes. Oneida Seven Generations, Inc. has plans to construct a pyrolysis facility using 148 tons per day of MSW and 61 tons per day of plastic waste in Green Bay, WI. There were a number of full-scale MSW pyrolysis demonstration plants, which were constructed in the U.S. during the late 1970s and early 1980s by Monsanto and Union Carbide. These facilities were not commercially successful and were eventually shut down. Similarly, a 91 TPD MSW pyrolysis facility was constructed in New South Wales, Australia in 2001 by Brightstar Environmental. This facility incorporated the use of an autoclave process where the organic fraction was dried before being sent to a pyrolysis vessel. This facility operated for only 6 months and was shut down due to its failure to meet permitted conditions. 12.5.2.3 Anaerobic Digesters There are nearly 240 anaerobic digesters (AD) facilities around the world with operating capacities greater than 2,500 tons per year. These plants process not only the organic fraction of the MSW waste stream but also organic waste from food industries and animal manure. Europe leads in the number of AD plants and total installed capacity principally due to the European Union Directive that requires member states to reduce the amount of landfilled organics by 65% by 2020. As shown in Exhibit 12-14, there are more than 120 plants processing the organic fraction of MSW in Europe of about 4.6 million tons per year. The principal technologies used around the world are provided by the following companies: Dranco, Kompogas, Linde, RosRoca, Valorga, BTA, and Cites.