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<br /> Comprehensive Review of <br /> S olid W aste Collection and Disposal Options <br /> <br /> <br />v2.1 165 10/22/12 <br />Exhibit 12 -5. Cross -Secti on of Typical RDF System <br /> <br />Somewhat associated with RDF facilities are materials processing facilities, which include size <br />reduction, screening and recovery systems, and then additional equipment to reduce the moisture <br />in the resulting RDF to improve its heating quality. For example, in the Chemtex-Entsorga <br />HEBIOT process (“high efficiency biological treatment”) an aerobic digestion module is utilized <br />to drive off the moisture from waste that has been shredded. This volume reduction technique <br />reported reduced the incoming waste by 80% with the remaining 20% being disposed of in a <br />landfill. In essence, except for this latter function, this process is very similar to “dirty” <br />materials processing facilities used for volume reduction at many front-end processing facilities <br />at RDF facilities. In Europe, there is a substantial market for such mechanical biological <br />treatment plants offered by Ensorga, which has been driven by the European Union’s Landfill <br />directive that restricts the landfilling of biodegradable waste and stipulates a pre-treatment of <br />MSW. Many of these facilities are co-located with cement mills, RDF power plants, or even <br />coal-fired power plants. <br />Common disadvantages associated with such mechanical biological treatment plants include: <br /> Noise and odor associated with the dirty MRF processing;