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Comprehensive Review of S olid W aste Collection and Disposal Options v2.1 78 10/22/12 6.0 DISPOSAL OPTION – DIRECT HAUL TO TRANS FER STATI ON Considering the pending closure of the MSW landfill unit at the Orange County Landfill effective July 1, 2013, the Town, along with the other regional municipalities participating in the Inter-Local Agreement must develop and implement a solution to continuing its solid waste management services related to MSW for residents of the Town. A short-term solution is desired to continue to provide the quality of service Town residents’ value, while the Solid Waste Services Division (SWSD) and Town Council continue to evaluate their solid waste management services in general. The results of SCS’s analysis of MSW disposal options concluded that “direct haul” to an out-of- county solid waste management/disposal facility is the preferred short-term solution for the Town. In fact, this approach serves as the only viable short-term option since it is not feasible for the Town to site, permit, and construct their own new solid waste management/disposal facility in the timeframe necessary to commence operations by July 2013. In the context of this Study, the term “direct haul” refers to transporting MSW using the Town’s solid waste collection vehicles that serve the Town’s residential and commercial collections programs. A review of solid waste industry and state published databases listing permitted public and private solid waste management/disposal facilities in the vicinity of the Town identified a number of viable disposal options, including several permitted solid waste transfer stations. 6.1 WHAT I S A T RANSFER S T ATION? Solid waste transfer stations are designed to serve as an intermediate waste handling facility for entities and municipalities that do not own and operate a landfill or other waste disposal facility, and whose distances from these ultimate disposal facilities (e.g., landfills) present inherent inefficiencies in direct hauling small volumes to such facility. At a transfer station, individual waste collection vehicles unload their collected waste onto one or more temporary staging areas or tipping floor. The tipping floor and accompanying operations are typically enclosed in a building and covered by a roof. Once waste is tipped onto the floor, various heavy equipment gather and consolidate the waste into a larger portable container, usually a transfer trailer. These transfer trailers are typically greater than 50 feet in length and the consolidated waste is typically compacted into the trailer by mechanical means to reduce as much void space as possible before being transported to an ultimate disposal facility, such as a landfill or WTE facility. Furthermore these trailers are equipped with “walking” floors to assist in extracting the compacted waste from the trailer, or the ultimate disposal facility may operate a trailer tipping station. Many transfer stations are accessible by rail where bulk rail cars are loaded with consolidated and compacted waste for rail transport to the ultimate landfill facility.