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44 <br />pion, Sh wa- <br />Table 4: Conservation Priority Poultry Breeds 2000 <br />Page 11 <br />The American Livestock Breeds Conservancy's initial poultry research was published in 1987 as the Poultry Census and <br />Sourcebook. A new study is underway. The listings have been updated for turkeys in 1999 and ducks and geese in 2000 to re- <br />flect our understanding of the status of the breeds and varieties. We expect to complete the chicken portion of the research in <br />2001. Our focus is on genetically distinct stocks that have been of economic and historic significance in North America. Rapid <br />genetic erosion occurring in the poultry species globally, so we are also evaluating breeds of recent development or importation. <br />Conservation categories are based on the estimated number of breeding males and females and the number of breeding flocks. <br />Given the vulnerability of poultry to predators, the number of flocks is important. Conservation breeding flocks" are those of 50 <br />birds and above. <br />Critical - Fewer than 500 breeding birds (male and female) in North America, with five or fewer primary breeding flocks. <br />Rare - Fewer than 1,000 breeding birds in North America with seven or fewer primary breeding flocks. <br />Watch - Fewer than 5,000 breeding birds in North America with ten or fewer primary breeding flocks. Also included are <br />breeds which present genetic or numerical concerns or have a limited geographic distribution. <br />Study - Breeds that are of genetic interest but lack definition, genetic or historic documentation. <br />Species <br />Critical <br />Rare <br />Watch <br />Study <br />Recovering <br />Chickens <br />Ancona <br />Non - industrial Leghorn <br />Australorp <br />All other breeds <br />Delaware <br />Non- industrial Rock' <br />listed as critical by <br />Dominique' <br />New Hampshirel <br />Society for the Pres- <br />Minorca <br />Rhode Island Red' <br />ervation of Poultry <br />Java <br />Antiquities (SPPA) <br />Jersey Giant' <br />Wyandotte' <br />Ducks <br />Ancona <br />Buff (a.k.a. Orpington) <br />Runner (a.k.a. Indian <br />Australian Spotted <br />Aylesbury <br />Cayuga' <br />Runner) <br />Magpie <br />Campbell <br />Saxony <br />Rouen <br />Silver Appleyard <br />Swedish <br />Welsh Harlequin <br />Geese <br />American Buff' <br />Sebastapol <br />African <br />Shetland <br />Pilgrim' <br />Chinese <br />Gray <br />Pomeranian <br />Toulouse; <br />Roman <br />Turkeys <br />Beltsville Small <br />Bourbon Red' <br />Broad Breasted Bronze' <br />Other color varieties <br />White' <br />Royal Palm' <br />of standard turkeys <br />Buff <br />Black <br />Narragansett' <br />Slate' <br />Standard Bronze' <br />White Holland' <br />White Midget' <br />' originated in the United States <br />2 Rouen: Two distinct populations, the production birds and the larger exhibition birds. <br />3 African: The large, dewlapped bird reflects the original phenotype, is an exceptional meat bird and is of conservation interest. <br />The smaller African goose likely contains some influence of the Chinese goose, a relative of the African. <br />`' Toulouse: The standard Toulouse is a large, dewlapped bird with elongated feathers,. loose skin, a keel, is a good layer, is a <br />unique color of gray, and is raised for its fatty liver. This is the bird of particular conservation interest. The smaller Toulouse <br />is a longer legged, tightly feathered, keel -less goose with no dewlap. Exhibition Toulouse have very exaggerated dewlaps. <br />Fil <br />