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Plow ShZWCY .g, Other cool- season flowers are less hardy and do well when planted in late winter, around February 1. These include baby's breath (Gypsophilia paniculata), false queen anne's lace (Ammi majus), pot- marigold (Calendula), stock (Matthiola incana), bell- flower (Campanula spp.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), and sweet pea (Lathyrus) . The following perennials benefit from being planted in the fall: yarrow (Achillea spp.), monkshood (Aconitum spp.), ornamental on- ion (Allium spp.), poppy anemone (Anemone coronaria), butterfly weed (Asclepias tube - rosa), aster (Aster spp.), false goat's beard (Astilbe x arendsii), globe thistle (Echinops bannaticus), sea holly (Eryngium spp.), blazing star (Liatris spp.), lily (Lilium hy- brids), cardinal flower (Lobelia spp.), gooseneck loosestrife (Lysimachia clethroides), garden phlox (Phlox panicu- lata), obedient plant (Phystostegia virgin - iana), balloonflower (Platycodon grandiflo- rus) , and meadow -rue (Thali ctrum spp .) . Spring- flowering bulbs such as iris and daf- fodils should be planted around November 1 in this area. A shot of P (e.g., bone meal, rock phos- phate) and K (e.g., greensand, Sul- Po -Mag) at the time of planting will help plants get rooted quickly. Don't provide extra nitrogen in the fall because you don't want to stimu- late top growth which is susceptible to win- ter injury. Don't overwater in the fall for the same reason: you want enough to en- courage root growth but not so much that the plant grows lush. Be vigilant about monitoring for insect pests, because these new plants need all the leaf area they can get to help promote root growth! Page 3 Need Gleaners? What is Gleaning? Gleaning is a traditional Biblical concept that puts people into fields and orchards to pick fruits and vegetables that remain after harvest. Approximately 25 % of all food produced for human con- sumption is lost annually in the US, enough to feed 49 million people. Because it might be unmarketable or not worth picking, pro- duce is usually plowed under or left to rot, although it is perfectly edible and nutritious. Who are Gleaners? The Society of St. An- drew (SoSA), a hunger relief organization based in Virgina, began the Gleaning Net- work program in 1988. SoSA operates a North Carolina program out of their Dur- ham office. SoSA organizes volunteers from churches, clubs, schools, and other groups (as well as individuals) to glean at farms across the state. Where Does the Food Go? SoSA donates the gleaned produce to assistance agencies that distribute it through their network of so- cial service programs. Within 24 -48 hours of picking, the produce is usually being eaten by hungry people. Important Information About Gleaning: • Growers are not held liable if anything happens to a gleaner while in -the field. House Bill 1335 passed by the General As- sembly of North Carolina in 1991 says growers permitting gleaning are exempt from civil liability. All gleaners are also re- 35