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ual turbines (i.e., fatalities were distributed among turbines at facilities), and current studies have not identified consistent relationships with habitat vari- ables; (4) Red - strobe rights recommended by the Federal Aviation Administration did not influence bat fatality; and (5) bat fatalities were highest during periods of low wind speed, and they were related to weather variables associated with the passage of weather fronts. Additional studies have conclud- ed that larger turbines may kill more bats (Cryan and Brown 2007), bat fatalities are more clustered around the base of towers than bird fatalities (Cryan and Bailey 2009), and that there is also evidence on non - collision decompression, a phenomenon in bats where drops in air pressure cause the lungs to overex- pand and fill with fluid (Baerwald et al. 2008). Large numbers of bats have been killed at wind- energy facilities constructed along forested ridge tops in the eastern United States (Arnett 2005, Johnson 2005, Fiedler et al. 2007, Kunz et al. 2007). Cryan and Brown (2007) hypothesize that the dominance of migratory tree bats killed during summer and fall at turbines and other anthropogenic structures is related to flocking and mating behaviors Wind turbines may offer the most prominent feature in a landscape where bats can meet along their migratory routes and breed (Arnett et al. 2008). There is also evidence to support the hypothesis that migratory bats congregate in the fall during migration (Arnett et al. 2008). These mating and migration behav- iors may explain why bats are disproportionately affected by turbine mortality. Unlike birds, bats do not collide with other tall anthropogenic struc- tures with the frequency and magnitude that have been observed at wind turbines (Arnett 2005, Cryan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . y., s Fww G A) 4aAL� fin.. r u l d of ,r♦V, ! ' � � Y k Y r wwwwwwwwwsw.�..�.�dk l auw b � f�l(✓� fM� 4� 4 u L° INO, 5- J Zia 61, MWEMM tltiN �eL MM��nwI�i *w rrm 4 �d m d� fl iut% � my Willi 0I Lr.tl!hr. wei'1"dMl'd�,,,M1 ird' ' V0,0b h#nIf pyW imp � M �X� ��'d��M +"dR�� : k$ !M �. "'W Yp�"� 'i'�!&YI VAk h�"wld Pi1W4.x�'d'MWo � ?v 'uvuul liauiu a; do?'.'M"�vu PM*Obw Y,JM n7w tl? YM :F Figure 4 -8. Predicted mean annual wind speeds (meters /second) at 80 -m height for North Carolina (Source: DOE 2010a).