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DocuSign Envelope ID:8COC6AOF-56EE-46F5-A733-01 0A357A1 EFA <br /> ELECTRONS ELECTRICITY? <br /> ATOMS: Atoms are the most basic particles of matter - <br /> anything that has mass and takes up space. You can think <br /> of them as the "building blocks of matter." They are very <br /> small, but they make up everything in the universe. They <br /> are like tiny Legos that you can use to make all sorts of <br /> things. Castles! Cars! Towers! Animals! From small building <br /> blocks, you can make larger, complicated things. But you <br /> can always break those things down to atoms. <br /> PARTICLES: Atoms are composed of three even smaller parts called particles. <br /> Protons are positively charged particles, neutrons have no charge, and electrons <br /> carry a negative charge. The protons and neutrons are packed together in the <br /> center of an atom in a tight huddle called a nucleus. The electrons are in constant <br /> motion around the nucleus. Electrons are very small compared to protons and <br /> neutrons. You can think of electrons like bumble bees buzzing around a huddle of <br /> penguins (the protons and neutrons). <br /> OPPOSITES ATTRACT: Positive and negative charges <br /> -��-- <br /> Attract are attracted to each other and want to come <br /> together. Similar charges don't want to come <br /> � -� together; they want to stay apart or repel each <br /> J <br /> Repel other. The negative electrons are attracted to the <br /> positive nucleus and so they usually stay near their <br /> protons. <br /> ELECTRONS MOVE AND FLOW: When electrons get really excited, they can leave <br /> their atoms and flow off in search of a positive charge to connect with. Electrons <br /> flow really well through metal. That's why metal things are good conductors of <br /> electricity. Salt water is also a good conductor. Electrons don't flow well through <br /> things like rubber, wood, and plastic. Those are insulators. <br /> MOVING ELECTRONS=ELECTRICITY: Electrons in motion have energy. In order <br /> to use this energy to power electrical appliances, we need to set up circuits with <br /> an electric current. Electrical currents are similar to the flowing water in a river <br /> current which travels in one direction. We can create an electric circuit with a <br /> constant flow of electrons. <br /> + <br /> + <br /> 6 <br />