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6 <br /> "Step one is get up. Step two is learn to get up more often. Step three is, once you're up, <br /> move," he says. "And what we've discovered is that once you're up, you do tend to <br /> move." Steps one and two, then, are the most important parts—and a desk that <br /> encourages you to stand at least some of the time is one of the most convenient means of <br /> doing so. <br /> Reduced Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Other Metabolic Problems <br /> The detrimental health impacts of sitting—and the benefits of standing—appear to go <br /> beyond simple obesity. Some of the same studies by Levine and others have found that <br /> sitting for extended periods of time is correlated with reduced effectiveness in regulating <br /> levels of glucose in the bloodstream, part of a condition known as ig a f ;;°. <br /> ir,n. that dramatically increases the chance of b.yj diabetes. <br /> 1,7i(y, for instance, found that people who sat for longer periods during their <br /> day had significantly higher levels of fasting blood glucose, indicating their their cells <br /> became <br /> � q,��a ii 7i f�%1, with the hormone failing to trigger the absorption of <br /> bn�u <br /> glucose from the blood A m ai,H d...l,..11.(..], [PDF] came to similar findings, and arrived at the <br /> conclusion that for people already at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, the amount of <br /> time spent sitting could be a more important risk factor than the amount of time spent <br /> vigorously exercising. <br /> Reduced Risk of Cardiovascular Disease <br /> Scientific evidence that sitting is bad for the cardiovascular system goes all the way back <br /> �r� b a of heart disease in London bus <br /> tot the 1950s, when Ili b�a� ..II� a�� a�art �� i�a�...( n,�ir��u .�a�i�� s .:. <br /> drivers (who sit) and bus conductors (who stand) and found that the former group <br /> experienced far more heart attacks and other problems than the latter. <br /> Since, a u b °a..p sa II g„� y,;' f..n... 7i that adults who spend two more hours per day sitting have a <br /> 125 percent increased risk of health problems related to cardiovascular disease, <br /> including chest pain and heart attacks. Q b II ".II n...�..iJ 11 g„j a found that men who spend more <br /> than five hours per day sitting outside of work and get limited exercise were at twice the <br /> risk of heart failure as those who exercise often and sit fewer than two hours daily <br /> outside of the office. Even when the researchers controlled for the amount of exercise, <br />