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11 § 143 -138. North Carolina State Building Code. (b) Contents of the Code. — The North Carolina State Building Code, as adopted by the Building Code Council, may include reasonable and suitable classifications of buildings and structures, both as to use and occupancy; general building restrictions as to location, height, and floor areas; rules for the lighting and ventilation of buildings and structures; requirements concerning means of egress from buildings and structures; requirements concerning means of ingress in buildings and structures; rules governing construction and precautions to be taken during construction; rules as to permissible materials, loads, and stresses; rules governing chimneys, heating appliances, elevators, and other facilities connected with the buildings and structures; rules governing plumbing, heating, air conditioning for the purpose of comfort cooling by the lowering of temperature, and electrical systems; and such other reasonable rules pertaining to the construction of buildings and structures and the installation of particular facilities therein as may be found reasonably necessary for the protection of the occupants of the building or structure, its neighbors, and members of the public at large. (bl) The Code may regulate activities and conditions in buildings, structures, and premises that pose dangers of fire, explosion, or related hazards. Such fire prevention code provisions shall be considered the minimum standards necessary to preserve and protect public health and safety, subject to approval by the Council of more stringent provisions proposed by a municipality or county as provided in G.S. 143- 138(e). These provisions may include regulations requiring the installation of either battery- operated or electrical smoke detectors in every dwelling unit used as rental property, regardless of the date of construction of the rental property. For dwelling units used as rental property constructed prior to 1975, smoke detectors shall have an Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., listing or other equivalent national testing laboratory approval, and shall be installed in accordance with either the standard of the National Fire Protection Association or the minimum protection designated in the manufacturer's instructions, which the property owner shall retain or provide as proof of compliance. (b2) The Code may contain provisions requiring the installation of either battery- operated or electrical carbon monoxide detectors in every dwelling unit having a fossil -fuel burning heater, appliance, or fireplace, and in any dwelling unit having an attached garage. Carbon monoxide detectors shall be those listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory that is OSHA - approved to test and certify to American National Standards Institute/Underwriters Laboratories Standards ANSI/UL2034 or ANSFUL2075 and shall be installed in accordance with either the standard of the National Fire Protection Association or the minimum protection designated in the manufacturer's instructions, which the property owner shall retain or provide as proof of compliance. A carbon monoxide detector may be combined with smoke detectors if the combined detector does both of the following: (i) complies with ANSFUL2034 or ANSWL2075 for carbon monoxide alarms and ANSWL217 for smoke detectors; and (ii) emits an alarm in a manner that clearly differentiates between detecting the presence of carbon monoxide and the presence of smoke. (b3) Except as provided by subsection (cl) of this section, the Code may contain provisions regulating every type of building or structure, wherever it might be situated in the State. (b4) Building rules do not apply to (i) farm buildings that are located outside the building -rules jurisdiction of any municipality, or (ii) farm buildings that are located inside the