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107 <br />Security Guidelines for the Electricity Sector; <br />Physical Security <br />Guideline Detail: <br />Physical security typically comprises five distinct elements, or systems: <br />• deterrence <br />• detection <br />• assessment <br />• communications <br />• response <br />Together, these elements provide a consistent "systems approach" to protecting <br />critical assets. <br />Each company should prioritize its critical facilities and assets; characterize risks <br />based on factors such. as prior history of incidents, threat warnings from law <br />enforcement agencies, system redundancies, overall operating requirements, <br />etc. Each company also should consider an inspection and survey program to <br />review existing security systems and to make recommendations for appropriate <br />changes. (See guideline for conducting vulnerability assessments.) <br />In determining the types of physical security systems required for critical facilities, <br />companies should consider the following: <br />• fencing and gates to restrict access to the facility for both safety and <br />security purposes; <br />• limiting access to authorized persons through measures such as unique <br />keying systems, "smart locks," access card systems, or the use of security <br />personnel; <br />access control measures to identify and.process all personnel, visitors, <br />vendors, and contractors, (i.e. photo ids, visitors passes, contractor ids) to <br />be displayed while on company property; <br />• alarm systems to monitor entry into control rooms or other critical facilities; <br />• perimeter alarm systems to monitor unauthorized intrusion into the facility; <br />recorded CCTV systems which can provide local or remote surveillance <br />capability of a given facility; <br />Version 1.0 Security Guideline: Physical Security <br />June 14, 2002 Page 2 of 4 <br />North American Electric Reliability Council <br />